Stem Cells Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Stem Cells Hashimotos Thyroiditis Stem Cells Treatment for Hashimotos Thyroiditis

Stem Cells Hashimotos Thyroiditis Hashimotos thyroiditisorchronic lymphocytic thyroiditisis an autoimmune diseasein which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed by a variety of cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes. It was the first disease to be recognized as an autoimmune disease.It was first described by theJapanese specialistHashimoto HakaruinGermanyin 1912.

Hashimotos thyroiditis very often results inhypothyroidismwith bouts ofhyperthyroidism.

Physiologically,thyroid peroxidaseand/orthyroglobulincause gradual destruction offolliclesin thethyroidgland. Accordingly, the disease can be detected clinically by looking for these antibodies in the blood. It is also characterized by invasion of the thyroid tissue byleukocytes, mainlyT-lymphocytes. It is associated withnon-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Symptoms of Hashimotos thyroiditis includeMyxedematous psychosis, weight gain,depression,mania, sensitivity to heat and cold,paresthesia, fatigue, panic attacks,bradycardia,tachycardia, high cholesterol,reactive hypoglycemia, constipation, migraines, muscle weakness, cramps, memory loss, infertility, and hair loss.

The thyroid gland may become firm, large, andlobulatedin Hashimotos thyroiditis, but changes in the thyroid can also be nonpalpable. Enlargement of the thyroid is due tolymphocytic infiltrationand fibrosisrather than tissuehypertrophy.

Hashimotos thyroiditis is often misdiagnosed asdepression,cyclothymia,PMS,chronic fatigue syndrome,fibromyalgiaand, less frequently, as ananxiety disorder. Testing forthyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH), Free T3, Free T4, and the anti-thyroid antibodies (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) tests can resolve any diagnostic difficulty.

Hashimotos when presenting as mania is known as Prasads syndrome after Ashok Prasad, the psychiatrist who first described it.

Risk factors: A family history of thyroid disorders is common, with theHLA-DR5gene most strongly implicated conferring arelative riskof 3 in the UK. In addition Hashimotos thyroiditis may be associated withCTLA-4gene since the CTLA-4 antigen acts as an inhibitor to T-Cell activation only if the red blood cells have an RH factor of negative 3.25.

Preventable environmental factors, including high iodine intake, selenium deficiency, and pollutants such as tobacco smoke, as well as infectious diseases and certain drugs, have been implicated in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease in genetically predisposed individuals.The genes implicated vary in different ethnic groups and the incidence is increased in patients with chromosomal disorders, includingTurner,Downs, andKlinefelters syndromesusually associated with autoantibodies against thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase.

Read the original:
Stem Cells Hashimoto's Thyroiditis