Monthly Archives: September 2014

Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Research | University of …

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:52 am

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest types of cancer. It is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States. More than 43,000 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer each year and about the same number die each year from the disease. Only about 3% of people with pancreatic cancer live more than five years after diagnosis.

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There are several reasons why this type of cancer is so lethal

Scientists at the U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center are studying pancreatic cancer in an effort to find new and more effective treatments for patients with this deadly disease. In 2007, Cancer Center scientists were the first to identify a small group of cells, called cancer stem cells, in tumors from patients with pancreatic cancer. Researchers believe these stem cells are the key to finding an effective treatment and possibly someday a cure for pancreatic cancer.

U-M research shows that just a few cancer stem cells are responsible for the growth and spread of pancreatic cancer. Unless these stem cells are destroyed, the cancer will return. The goal of U-M scientists is to develop a new therapy targeted directly at cancer stem cells. If successful, it will be a major step forward in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

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Since pancreatic cancer is resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, new treatments are needed that can kill the small number of cancer stem cells within the tumor. Studying pancreatic cancer stem cells will help researchers identify targets for new drugs or therapies, which can then be tested in animals and eventually in human clinical trials.

For more information about clinical trials, please contact our Cancer Answerline at 800-865-1125.

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Mass production of placenta stem cells gets FDA approval …

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:52 am

Published time: March 10, 2014 22:34

Reuters/Wolfgang Rattay

The US Food and Drug Administration has granted approval to Pluristem Therapeutics to mass produce therapeutic human-placenta-derived stem cell products within its commercial-scale manufacturing facility in Haifa, Israel.

Pluristems Placental Expanded (PLX) products are mesenchymal-like adherent stromal cells connective tissue cells in an organ from human placentas, which are lush with hormones and proteins. The FDA has cleared PLX for use in studies on treating injuries, one step closer to full approval of PLX cells in treatments.

PLX products are made via Pluristems automated 3D cell expansion manufacturing platform that uses its patented high-throughput culturing technologies, 3D bioreactors, and downstream equipment.

The PLX cells are grown using the companys proprietary 3D micro-environmental technology and are an off-the-shelf product that requires no tissue matching prior to administration, according to Pluristem.

Pluristem operates out of a high-output facility in northern Israel that can produce about 150,000 doses of PLX products a year.

"We believe we have the largest, scalable, most efficient, most consistent and controlled process for manufacturing cell therapies," Zami Aberman, chairman and CEO of Pluristem, said in a statement. "Knowing that the 'Process is the Product' in cell therapy, we have established our leadership position in the industry by focusing on our 3D commercial scale cell manufacturing processes.

Pluristems use of human placenta to boost cell repair involves a drug delivery platform that releases a cocktail of therapeutic proteins in response to a host of local and systemic inflammatory and ischemic diseases.

Though animal placenta, especially from horses, has been a popular form of treatment for cell repair, human placenta offers a naturally compatible genome.

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Inner Cell Mass – Embryonic Development & Stem Cells …

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:52 am

Embryonic Development of the Inner Cell Mass:

The fourth cleavage event of the developing embryo results in a nonpolarizedinner cell mass(ICM, pluriblast,embryoblast), enveloped by the outer, polarizedtrophoblastlayer of cells. The trophoblast cells form an inner cavity (blastocoele), whose formation indicates the bastocyst stage. While the trophoblast will ultimately form the outerchorionicsac and the fetal component of theplacenta, the inner cell mass, will give rise to all embryonic tissues and to some of the extraembryonic membranes.

The ICM segregates into abilaminar embryonic disc(bilaminar blastoderm) which consists of two epithelial layers, each of a distinct lineage: the external (dorsal)epiblastand the internal (ventral)hypoblast. The next developmental stage is gastrulation, in which waves of migrating cells convert the ICM into a trilaminar embryonic disc, which is comprised of three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) that contribute to the formation of many organs, often with contributions of two or all three of the germ layers.

The ectoderm forms the central andperipheral nervous systemsandepidermis, and contributes to theadiposeandheartas well as to numerous other organs. The ectoderm forms many of thesensory organs(eye, ear, nose), and is also the source of Rathke's pouch, an invaginating diverticulum of the stomodeal roof which ultimately detaches from the stomodeum and becomes the adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland.

The mesoderm produces and contributes to theblood,endothelium,heart,kidney,reproductive system,bones,skeletal, smooth muscleand connective tissues. The mesoderm also contributes totendons,ligaments,dermisandcartilage.

The endoderm produces thegut tubeand its derived organs, including the cecum, intestine, stomach, thymus, liver,pancreas,lungs,thyroidandprostate.

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Eye transplants and stem cells. – Artificial Eyes …

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:51 am

Science is slowly catching up with science fiction. Doctors can transplant the heart, lung, liver, kidneys and more recently hand transplants. Parts of the eye such as corneal transplants are also available.

The holy grail would be an eye transplant or the ability to regrow an eye with the help of stem cells. While there is no real prospect of achieving this in the near future there is continuing research working towards this end.

The three main impediments to transplanting a human eye are maintenance of donor eye viability, optic-nerve regeneration and restoration of topographic organisation, and avoidance of immunological rejection.

Reattaching the millions of nerves of the optic nerve to allow transfer of the information from the eye to the brain is the greatest impediment to achieving a viable eye transplant. If we are able to achieve this we still have the complications of restoring the circulation to the eye, balancing pressure of the transplanted eye and maintaining corneal health.

The earliest record of an eye transplant dates back to 1885 when a rabbit eye was transplanted into a human orbit. Since then there has been numerous attempts to transplant a mammalian eye. Although some of the studies establish success in other capacities, no visual function was recovered following transplantation.

There has been some success with eye transplantation performed in cold-blooded vertebrate.

A frog with the transplanted artificial eye on the left.

Professor Makoto Asashima of Tokyo University in Japan has used stem cell-like cells from a frog embryo to grow complete eyes which were then successfully transplanted into tadpoles.

Professor Asashima believes that his groundbreaking research could pave the way for the same procedure to be used to restore vision in humans.

So far, Professor Asashima and his team have transplanted new eyes into about 60 tadpoles, of which nearly three-quarters could then see. And 7 of the transplanted eyes have survived the metamorphosis from tadpole to frog.

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How Do Stem Cells Differentiate? | eHow

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:51 am

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Roxann Schroeder

Roxann Schroeder, Ph.D, has been a science writer and editor for over 10 years. Her experience includes research articles, grants, theses, dissertations, web sites, text books and book chapters. She also teaches biology and grant writing at the local university.

Stem cells have two functions; they divide (proliferate) and their daughter cells become specialized tissues as they lose the ability to divide. This change-from a dividing cell to a specialized cell-is called differentiation.

When stem cells divide into two cells, one cell is still a stem cell (self-renewal); the other is a daughter cell that starts to become specialized.

Embryonic stem cells are totipotent, meaning they can give rise to any and all tissues in the body. Adult stem cells are usually multipotent, meaning they can differentiate into some, but not all, cell types.

Each time a daughter cell divides, it become more specialized (differentiated); eventually, it can no longer divide.

When daughter cells are fully differentiated (mature), they have functions not found in the stem cell; muscle cells contract, gland cells secrete molecules, blood cells carry oxygen and skin cells protect the body.

The liver can regenerate from a small fragment; until recently, the only neurons known to regenerate were odor receptors. Stem cells have been found in many tissues, but not all tissues have the same ability to regenerate.

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Stem Cell Laboratory – Rood and Riddle

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 8:51 am

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Stem Cell Laboratory

The Rood & Riddle Stem Cell Laboratory is the latest addition to the hospitals medical services. Rood & Riddle collaborated with the Regenerative Medicine Laboratory at the University of California-Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in the planning of this state of the art facility. The addition of the stem cell service is part of Rood & Riddles ongoing effort to provide the most up to date technologies and treatments for their patients.

A thorough lameness examination and definitive diagnosis are needed to determine if a horse is a suitable candidate for stem cell therapy. For some tendon and ligament injuries, initial stem cell therapy may begin with a dose of bone marrow concentrate. This service is available within an hour of the initial bone marrow collection. Rood & Riddles Stem Cell Lab also uses established stem cell processing techniques to culture and expand (grow) large numbers of stem cells needed for multiple therapeutic doses in a relatively short amount of time. With each bone marrow or umbilical cord blood sample, a total of four 10-million cell doses will be obtained for treatment and long term storage. Since multiple treatments can enhance response to therapy, there are notable benefits to culture and expansion, including a significant increase in stem cell numbers in 2-3 weeks providing doses from 10-40 million cells, resulting in multiple doses without collecting additional bone marrow.

Stem cell banking allows for cultured stem cells to be cryopreserved and readily available if an injury occurs. Stored stem cells can be quickly thawed, shipped and ready for injection within 72-96 hours with no additional collection required. The first year of storage is included in any stem cell expansion order.

Rood & Riddle is excited to join the leaders in equine regenerative cell medicine and committed to furthering the science of stem cell therapy through support of academic stem cell research and performing clinical trials. Our veterinarians are available to answer any questions in this emerging field.

The Rood & Riddle Stem Cell Laboratory Services:

Forms to Download

Stem Cell Processing Form (PDF)

Contact one of our professionals to schedule an appointment.

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Tarpon vet using stem cells to treat doggie dermatitis

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 3:47 am

TARPON SPRINGS --

A veterinarian in Tarpon Springs is doing research that could alleviate a problem thousands of dogs in Florida face.

Dr. Michael Amsberry is embarking on cutting edge research that could change the lives of those dogs and their owners.

Nube and Sage are part of a pilot study at Amsberrys Tarpon Springs pet care center.

Hes injecting dogs with stem cells to help with their Dermatitis, a condition that affects dogs in Florida each year.

Often times it starts out with skin thats irritated and red and then we often well suffer from secondary bacterial and yeast infections, said Dr. Michael Amsberry, Saint Francis Pet Care Center.

The treatment is inside a little jar that contains millions of stem cells that all come from one dogs umbilical cord in California. The treatment takes about 10 minutes, and the cells are in Amsberrys patients.

It is treating the body with the body not using chemicals or drugs.

There are drugs to treat dermatitis, and some of them work well. Amsberry and others like him said theyre looking for a cleaner, less expensive way.

The process to see if stem cell therapy actually works has only just begun.

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With NIH grant, Cedars-Sinai helps bring big data to neuro disease research

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 3:47 am

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

25-Sep-2014

Contact: Sandy Van sandy@prpacific.com 808-526-1708 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center @cedarssinai

LOS ANGELES (Sept. 25, 2014) Investigators at the Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute have received a grant from the National Institutes of Health to participate in a consortium taking the study of motor neuron disorders such as Lou Gehrig's disease and spinal muscular atrophy to a new, comprehensive perspective.

"We will be working as part of an NIH initiative to create databases of disease 'signatures' by generating and analyzing thousands of data points. Scientists often focus on very small things, such as a single signaling pathway in cells or a single gene or protein that is involved in some way with disease development, but identifying and correcting one component rarely leads to a cure. This is especially true in the brain because its networks are very complex," said Clive Svendsen, PhD, professor and director of the Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, principal investigator of Cedars-Sinai's part of the study.

Svendsen, the Kerry and Simone Vickar Family Foundation Distinguished Chair in Regenerative Medicine, compares this shift in perspective to the way meteorologists began predicting weather years ago viewing global trends and collecting vast amounts of data to create a forecast for a specific place and time.

The grant is part of an NIH initiative called the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures, or LINCS, program, which aims to develop a "library" of molecular signatures that describes how different cells respond to proteins, genes, chemicals essentially anything that may come in contact with or change the cell or its activity.

Cedars-Sinai is a member of a group, NeuroLINCS, studying motor neuron disorders, which include Lou Gehrig's disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, and spinal muscular atrophy. The NeuroLINCS study will be coordinated by researchers at the University of California, Irvine, with additional collaborators at the Gladstone Institutes at the University of California, San Francisco, Johns Hopkins University and the Broad Institute.

NeuroLINCS is one of six consortiums recently funded through NIH's LINCS program to study diabetes, cancers and other diseases using cell lines and specialized stem cells called induced pluripotent stem cells. Derived from a patient's own skin samples and "sent back in time" through genetic manipulation to an embryonic state, these cells can be made into any cell of the human body.

The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, which has developed a national reputation for the quality of its induced pluripotent stem cells, was asked to provide the stem cells for all of the consortiums. The cells are produced in the Regenerative Medicine Institute's Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core Facility, directed by Dhruv Sareen, PhD, assistant professor of biomedical sciences and faculty research scientist with the Department of Biomedical Sciences.

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Nishan – Stem Cell Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) – 13-03-2014 – Video

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 3:40 am


Nishan - Stem Cell Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) - 13-03-2014
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Swastik – Stem Cell Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) – 24-04-2014 – Video

Posted: September 27, 2014 at 3:40 am


Swastik - Stem Cell Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) - 24-04-2014
stem cell india, stem cell therapy india, stem cell in india, stem cell therapy in india, india stem cell, india stem cell therapy.

By: Stem Cell India

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Swastik - Stem Cell Therapy in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) - 24-04-2014 - Video

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