Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Characteristics
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes individuals with a range of symptoms, abilities, and levels of impairment. Some children with autism are very high-functioning, communicating with others and performing well at school, while others experience significant impairment and remain highly dependent on caregivers.
Symptoms
Exact traits may vary by child, but autism is characterized by the following symptoms:
Social impairment. Kids with autism tend to make less eye contact, fail to respond to people in their environment, avoid sharing enthusiasm about activities by pointing or showing toys to others, and have atypical responses to others emotions. They often fail to reciprocate others emotions and avoid interacting socially with peers or adults.
Communication difficulties. For many children with autism, communication abilities remain a challenge. Early signs of autism include failure to develop age-appropriate gestures (e.g., pointing or waving), slowness in responding to their name, and a sudden stop in babbling after age one. Children show general language delays, having difficulty using complete sentences, substituting special made-up words in conversation, or repeating the same phrase over and over.
Repetitive behaviors. One of the hallmark symptoms of autism spectrum disorder is repetitive behaviors. This might include hand flapping, rocking, or finger flicking. Some children with autism may develop highly focused interests that have an obsessive quality. For example, some kids feel driven to learn as much as possible about trains, dinosaurs, or Star Trek. Interrupting these preoccupations, such as moving a favorite toy train, can be extremely upsetting for a child with autism.
Neurological and Physiological Changes
Researchers continue to explore the neurobiological changes associated with ASD. MRI studies have found that children with autism have some brain areas that are larger than neurotypical children, while other brain areas are smaller. During development, abnormal neuronal growth and problems with pruning of growing neurons may contribute to these differences.
Specifically, many children with autism have changes in the temporal lobe. This lobe is important for language processing, attention, empathy, facial processing, and social abilities. Changes in the structure and function of the temporal lobe may underlie autistic kids difficulties connecting socially, showing appropriate emotions, and communicating with others.
Link:
Stem Cell Therapy For Autism In USA - World Stem Cells, LLC
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