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Category Archives: Molecular Genetics

The Lab Report: Sharma Lab studies biodiversity of arachnids – The Badger Herald

Posted: September 16, 2022 at 2:36 am

The Sharma Lab at the University of Wisconsin Department of Integrative Biology uses evolutionary biology to discover new species and study the molecular basis for biodiversity. This work allows researchers to pinpoint the exact genes that cause dramatic physical differences between species.

Headed by Integrative Biology Department associate professor and principal investigator Prashant Sharma, the lab aims to further understand the evolutionary relationship between scorpions, spiders and other arachnids, and how that compares to other groups of animals.

According to the Sharma Lab website,the project analyzes the specimens genomes and constructs a phylogenetic tree a visual representation of how species are related. This complete arachnid phylogeny is an important tool for researchers to understand how mutation results in new species and help classify species discovered in the future.

The findings of this study are relevant to more than just arachnids Sharma said any small discovery in biodiversity is a victory for the entire integrative biology field.

[This lab] focuses on what biodiversity looks like and how its maintained on the molecular level the specific gene products that cause these different phenotypes and how they affect our broader understanding, Sharma said. We dont really know what species are important to prioritize for conservation, we dont know whats important to save, if we dont know whats out there. Thats why this research is so important.

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While evolutionary biology is an extensive field, many students have very little experience with it, as was the case for undergraduate Hugh Steiner, who has worked in the Sharma Lab for a year and a half. Steiner said he was inspired to pursue research in the lab after having Sharma as a professor, igniting his interest in evolutionary biology and molecular phylogenetics. In the future, Steiner said he would like to continue this line of research, which he never considered before meeting Sharma.

Within Sharmas lab, Steiner applies molecular phylogenetic techniques to identify and classify new species of blind cave spiders taken from 44 cave sites throughout the Levant a large area in the eastern Mediterranean, including Israel, Palestine and Syria. Despite many of these species being physically indistinguishable to the naked eye, Steiner used molecular data to prove the species are in fact new and separate.

After his work on the species discovery project, Steiner said he shifted his focus from the more computational side of research to molecular experiments.

I decided to try my hand at evolutionary development research instead of just taxonomy, Steiner said. Theres an entirely different set of research techniques we use in the lab that Ive barely even explored yet.

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Evolutionary development, another facet of the Sharma Labs research, uses genetic data to identify the exact genes that cause differences between species, working backwards to identify new targets for research, according to BioMed Central. Once promising genes are identified, researchers categorize the function by removing the gene product and observing the changes in appearance and behavior. Researchers can simulate evolution by identifying which specific genes in arachnids cause visible differences between closely-related species.

The Sharma Lab has also begun genetic analysis to scorpions by using machine learning to predict which scorpion species venoms may be medically relevant. Lab members then analyze these gene products and test venoms for antibacterial or even tumor-reducing properties, said Sharma.

According to Sharma, new antibiotics that may be discovered using this research are of particular interest because bacteria adapt to frequently-used antibiotics, leading to anti-bacterial resistance. Any new antibiotic discovered will give doctors new tools to combat infections.

We know that some of these venoms have therapeutic properties, but its a scavenger hunt to see which are which, Sharma said. [Artificial intelligence] allows us to link [genetic] sequences of known venoms with available functional data to predict what peptides contained in arachnid genomes are promising.

Evolutionary biology involves analysis of massive data sets, with each species genome containing billions of base pairs, according to Sharma. Even a small sample size is too large for a human to analyze by hand. Combining existing understanding of genetics and molecular physiology with the unparalleled processing power of artificial intelligence has completely changed the field of evolutionary biology.

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Sharma said machine learning has facilitated much of his recent research. In turn, each biological discovery gives future programs additional data to use, further honing their research techniques.

We dont know whats important if we dont know whats out there, Sharma said. Using these computational tools, were answering questions that couldnt even be asked 20 years ago we are in the middle of a revolution not just in [biological research] but also in how we ask these questions.

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The Lab Report: Sharma Lab studies biodiversity of arachnids - The Badger Herald

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Environmental Scientist Jesse Ausubel to Receive 2022 Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest – Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Posted: September 16, 2022 at 2:36 am

Renowned environmental scientist Jesse H. Ausubel will be honored with the 2022 Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest. This award is presented annually by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego and the Nierenberg Family to honor the memory of William A. Nierenberg, an esteemed physicist and national science leader who served Scripps Oceanography as director for two decades.

The public is invited to attend the 2022 Nierenberg Prize ceremony and a presentation from Ausubel in a free event on Oct. 13 at 6 p.m. at the Robert Paine Scripps Forum for Science, Society and the Environment on the Scripps campus. RSVP here.

His presentation, Peak human? Thoughts on the evolution of the enhancement of human performance, will examine whether the human species can continue to improvemuch like cars, computers, or other technologyor whether our species has reached its peak.

In a career spanning more than four decades, Ausubel has conceived, developed, and led numerous projects to observe and better understand the environment. This includes high-profile work on several major programs to survey and catalog the planets biodiversity. In 2000, he and marine biologist Frederick Grassle of Rutgers University initiated the decade-long Census of Marine Life, an international program nurtured by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation that assessed and explained the diversity, distribution, and abundance of life in the oceans. In 2002, Ausubel and Canadian ecologist Paul Hebert began the International Barcode of Life initiative, which provides short DNA sequences to efficiently identify all species of animals, plants, and fungi. Starting in 2006, he led the inception of the Encyclopedia of Life, a freely available online resource that aims to develop a web page for every species.

The esteemed scientist was notified about his selection to receive the 2022 Nierenberg Prize in a letter from Scripps Director Margaret Leinen. Of this Ausubel wrote, Dr. Leinens letter about the Nierenberg Prize dazed me with thoughts about the luster of past awardees and the fun to follow as well as the gravity of the subject of science and society.

Ausubel currently serves as director of the Program for the Human Environment at The Rockefeller University in New York City. The program leads research on long-term trends relevant to the environment with a goal of harnessing technology to lighten the human footprint, spare land for nature, and restore the oceans. He has also served as an executive of the Alfred P. Sloan and Richard Lounsbery foundations, program director of the National Academies, and long-term research affiliate of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

Ausubel began his career working for the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in Washington, D.C., starting with a 1977 Sloan Foundation fellowship. Shortly after, Ausubel was a main organizer of the first UN World Climate Conference in Geneva in 1979, an event which elevated global warming on scientific and political agendas and led to the creation of the World Climate Program, much of which Ausubel drafted.

In the decades that followed, Ausubel published research on climate impacts and adaptations and decarbonization, and in 1983 helped initiate the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program to understand the causes and outlook for global change. In 1991, with physicist Robert Frosch and others he originated the field of industrial ecology, the study of the network of all industrial processes as they may interact and live off each other and create opportunities for waste reduction and dematerialization.

More recently, Ausubel initiated the Deep Carbon Observatory to search for the origins and limits of life and the roots of petroleum and natural gas, and he launched the International Quiet Ocean Experiment to improve knowledge of ocean soundscapes and assess how human activities affect marine life. His group at The Rockefeller now explores how loose DNA in seawater (or eDNA) can improve knowledge of the kinds and amounts of life nearby.

The Nierenberg Prize holds significance for Ausubel as he had a personal connection with Dr. Nierenberg. The two first met in 1977 at the founding meeting of the Climate Research Board of the National Academies, where Ausubel served as a resident fellow. Ausubel also worked for Nierenberg in the 1980s, in Nierenbergs capacities as chair of the Carbon Dioxide Assessment Committee of the Academies and the Committee on International Science of the National Science Board, the governing body of the National Science Foundation.

Recalling his experience working with and being mentored by Nierenberg, Ausubel wrote, William Nierenberg liked risky activities that might have a high payoff. He believed society expected science to accomplish the incredible, like finding and recovering a submarine lost in the vast, deep Pacific. He encouraged me to take some of the most fruitful chances of my career, including initiating the Census of Marine Life.

The Nierenberg Family said they were pleased the selection committee put forth Ausubel as the 2022 recipient of the Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest.

Jesse and our father shared numerous scientific projects together, and had many broad conversations about the wonders of the physical, biological and cultural world, said Vicki Tschinkel, William Nierenbergs daughter. Jesse is renowned for creating colossal collaborations to answer diverse mega questions ranging from climate change to the Census of Marine Life to investigating the source of Leonardo DaVincis talent. His strength, brilliance and good nature invite participation and debate from all.

Ausubel helped found and foster several organizations, including the Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO) and the Andrew W. Marshall Foundation. He is the recipient of numerous awards and honors for his environmental research, including the Blue Frontier/Peter Benchley prize for ocean science; membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; and Japans International Cosmos Prize, which he shared with other leaders of the Census of Marine Life project. In the spring of 2021, the website Academic Influence ranked Ausubel as the worlds tenth most influential earth scientist.

Beyond environmental research, Ausubel has helped spur biology in art and the art/bio movement, which uses new tools in molecular biology, genetics, and microbiology for discovery in art history and for the conservation of cultural heritage.

The Nierenberg Prize, which includes a bronze medal and $25,000, is awarded for outstanding contributions to science in the public interest. Previous awardees include atmospheric scientist Warren Washington, biochemist and Nobel Prize winner Jennifer Doudna, filmmaker Sir David Attenborough, and primatologist Dame Jane Goodall, among others.

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Environmental Scientist Jesse Ausubel to Receive 2022 Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest - Scripps Institution of Oceanography

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Malaria vax promising, to be cheap too – The Hans India

Posted: September 16, 2022 at 2:36 am

A vaccine candidate, called R21, has been shown to be up to 80% effective at preventing malaria in young children, according to the latest trial results. This follows from a study published in 2021 from the same team at Oxford University which showed that the three-dose vaccine was up to 77% effective at preventing malaria. Their latest study shows that a booster, given a year later, maintains the levels of protection at 70% to 80%, suggesting that long-term protection is possible.

The Oxford researchers told the BBC that their vaccine can be made for "a few dollars," and they have a deal to manufacture over 100 million doses a year. However, there is still a large hurdle to overcome. Phase 3 clinical trials the final phase of testing in humans before regulatory approval can be sought are yet to be conducted.

Crucially, say the scientists, their vaccine is cheap and they already have a deal to manufacture more than 100 million doses a year.

The charity Malaria No More said recent progress meant children dying from malaria could end "in our lifetimes." It has taken more than a century to develop effective vaccines as the malaria parasite, which is spread by mosquitoes, is spectacularly complex and elusive. It is a constantly moving target, shifting forms inside the body, which make it hard to immunise against. Last year, the World Health Organization gave the historic go-ahead for the first vaccine - developed by pharmaceutical giant GSK - to be used in Africa. However, the Oxford team claim their approach is more effective and can be manufactured on a far greater scale. Trial results from 409 children in Nanoro, Burkina Faso, have been published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases. It shows three initial doses followed by a booster a year later gives up to 80% protection, according to the BBC.

A long road with many dead ends

The quest to develop a malaria vaccine began almost 100 years ago. As early as the 1940s, attempts to protect against malaria infection by injecting inactivated parasites were conducted in animals and in humans. Since then, relentless efforts continued until advances in biochemistry and molecular biology made it possible for scientists to isolate proteins from the plasmodium parasite that causes malaria to use in the vaccine and make them in a lab. These proteins were predicted to induce better immunity against infection.

Although the parasite has the same proteins, their accessibility and exposure to the immune system can be less effective at inducing a response. Also, using inactivated whole parasites bring other potential problems, such as toxicity and even the re-activation of the parasite causing an active infection. These modern techniques led to the development in the late 1980s of the SPf66 vaccine that comprised several synthetic molecules of the parasite that were known to be recognised by the immune system in humans.

The vaccine, which was developed in Colombia, was trialled in various countries in South America, achieving an efficacy of 35% to 60%. But when testing was extended to other continents, efficacy was lower: 8% to 30% in Africa and no protection at all in Asia.

Though disappointing, these findings were encouraging because some immunity was achieved, showing that a vaccine against the biggest killer in the tropical world is possible. Many vaccines were designed since using different components of the parasite and tested in clinical trials, including RTS,S which became the first licensed anti-malaria vaccine. It contains part of a major protein found on the surface of the parasite that starts the infection: the so-called sporozoite stage that infects the liver. RTS,S was widely tested in Africa, reaching levels of protection of around 40% that decreased with time. It is based on the same parasite molecule used in R21.

Achieving high levels of protection against malaria has proven very difficult. Even in those cases when promising results were obtained, the effectiveness decreased dramatically when testing the vaccines more widely. Another issue is that, very often, immunity gained from these candidate vaccines fell over time. Long-term immunity is important because the risk of infection continues throughout life, particularly in areas where transmission is high.

Why it's been so hard

Advances in gene sequencing in the past few decades have allowed us to analyse the malaria-causing parasite's genome. The sequencing of samples from patients from around the world changed our understanding of the parasite and the disease. It became clear that there isn't one parasite but many genetically distinct strains. And this diversity is reflected in the components of the parasite, including those used in the vaccines.

Because the vaccines were developed with strains of parasites kept in laboratories, the identity of the vaccine is restricted to that particular parasite and, as a result, the immune system will be trained to recognise similar parasites but not necessarily other genetically different strains. This problem is increased by the complexity of the life cycle of these parasites and the differences in the dynamics of the infection in different regions of the world. In Africa, the transmission of the disease is high and, as a result, it is common that people get infected with several genetically different parasites. So if the vaccine is effective against limited genetic versions, then some will be eliminated by the immune system but not others. This is a major problem in developing an effective vaccine against malaria because it makes it difficult to eliminate the parasite from the body. This might also be at least part of the reason most vaccines tested so far have low protection which wanes over time.

The high level of protection obtained with R21, the malaria vaccine developed by scientists at Oxford University, is really promising. The protection it gives will be followed closely with great expectations to find out whether it can be sustained in the long term.

It will also be very important to test it in different parts of the world to find out if it gives wide protection. And, finally, it will also be helpful to know whether it can protect older children and adults and become a general preventive tool against malaria.

(Writer is a Senior Lecturer, Molecular Genetics, University of Hertfordshire; The Conversation)

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Malaria vax promising, to be cheap too - The Hans India

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Dayton Therapeutics Discovers New Therapeutic Uses of Satraplatin for Treatment of Rare Lymphomas – StreetInsider.com

Posted: September 16, 2022 at 2:36 am

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Zug, Switzerland--(Newsfile Corp. - September 14, 2022) - Dayton Therapeutics has announced that the company is using its AI-powered genetic and molecular research model for investigating new therapeutic uses of clinical stage drug candidates where development has been discontinued - in particular satraplatin. Satraplatin is an antineoplastic agent derived from platinum that was previously investigated for use in the treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Dayton Therapeutics is now investigating development of satraplatin for the treatment of rare lymphomas and as an outcome of the research that Dayton Therapeutics has conducted, the company has already filed two patent applications for strong IP protection. The firm's stated goal is to launch satraplatin by 2026, and revenues could potentially reach almost half a billion US Dollars.

Intravenous platinum drugs are among the most widely used drugs for cancer treatment today. As the first orally active platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug in the world, satraplatin underwent extensive clinical development and trials for the treatment of prostate cancer. It was first mentioned in medical literature in 1993 as a drug that offered great potential in this regard. Nevertheless, in 2007, GPC Biotech, which owned the rights to satraplatin, withdrew its FDA filing for accelerated approval and merged with Agennix in 2009. Agennix went into liquidation in 2013.

In 2020, Dayton Therapeutics, a firm led by a team of experienced oncologists, acquired all satraplatin related rights and data. The firm is now using its innovative AI-powered genetic and molecular research model to investigate new therapeutic uses for this drug candidate based on recent advances in genetics and molecular biology. Satraplatin has shown in lab studies to attack specific blood cancer variants not only via its platinum effect of DNA damage to cancer cells, but also indicating the recovery of the cell death process within cancer cells, and by targeting their mutational vulnerabilities.

Satraplatin would be the first platinum based drug that can be administered orally and over a convenient 5 day schedule. Compared to other platinum drugs like cisplatin and carboplatin, satraplatin has a milder toxicity profile in terms of damage to kidneys and nervous system. Extensive clinical safety data is available regarding the use of satraplatin dating back to 2007.

Commenting on the firm's future plans for satraplatin, Dr Felix Dahm, the CEO of Dayton Therapeutics said, "In 2007, the technology and knowledge base that exists today was not available. Thus, satraplatin's true potential went unexplored and it was shelved before further studies were conducted. We didn't just acquire satraplatin, but are developing it further. Earlier, satraplatin was seen as a broad stroke drug against solid tumors. We just used the latest developments in the field of AI, molecular biology and genetics to discover new uses for a drug that might have otherwise never been developed. We acquired all the data and rights associated with satraplatin, and have already filed two patents - one related to the indications and one around the actual molecular targets in the patients. What really matters to us is the impact that the use of satraplatin can make in the treatment of rare lymphomas and to meet multiple unmet clinical needs. We therefore hope to do our bit to mitigate the suffering that cancer causes to individuals, families and to society as a whole."

About Dayton Therapeutics:

Dayton Therapeutics is a clinical oncology company that specializes in the identification of compounds for the treatment of new cancer indications with limited therapeutic options. The company is currently leveraging proprietary oncologist know-how, AI and data mining to develop satraplatin as a precision platinum for the treatment of rare lymphomas.

Media Contact:Name: Felix Dahm, MDEmail: [emailprotected]

To view the source version of this press release, please visit https://www.newsfilecorp.com/release/137169

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JNCASRs novel molecule prevents obesity in mice – The Hindu

Posted: September 16, 2022 at 2:36 am

Currently, there are no reliable drugs available for obesity and its associated disorders

Currently, there are no reliable drugs available for obesity and its associated disorders

In spite of all the discipline of diet and exercise, are you still finding it difficult to stay in shape? The developed world suffers from numerous cases of obesity due to a more sedentary mode of life offered by the comforts of the first world. In contrast, in the developing world, due to irregular food habits and economic stress, a large number of individuals have an accumulation of visceral fat especially in the stomach area as well as in the liver.

Although obesity is more of a lifestyle-related health disorder, it can lead to several other diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes and osteoarthritis. Surprisingly, there are no reliable drugs available for obesity and its associated disorders.

While there are several drugs undergoing clinical trials for tackling obesity, many have already fallen through due to undesirable side effects in human patients.

Over the past two decades, our laboratory has been working on how the modifications of the gene rather than the gene sequence itself can regulate gene function. This branch of molecular biology is called epigenetics. The epigenetic changes are reversible and directly correlated with habits as well as social and environmental cues.

Our genetic material DNA is wrapped around protein balls called histones to form the highly organised genome. Different chemical modifications of both DNA and histones can dictate the fate of genes in terms of them being switched on or remaining switched off. This on/off balance of gene expression is critical for health and disease.

We have discovered that one such rarely studied chemical modification of histone lysine butyrylation is critical for fat cell development that underlies obesity manifestation. This finding encouraged us to search for a small molecule that could specifically inhibit this modification and thereby arrest or ameliorate obesity.

After many years of effort, we could finally demonstrate that a semi-synthetic derivative of garcinol, a molecule naturally found in Garcinia indica (kokum) fruit rind, could selectively reduce the levels of this modification by inhibiting the catalytic activity of the enzyme responsible for it the master epigenetic enzyme p300.

Since this molecule (LTK-14A) is very specific for only one enzymatic activity of the multi-functional enzyme p300, we expected minimal toxicity from this compound for biological applications.

As per traditional knowledge, kokum ( Garcinia indica) extracts have been known to have a protective effect against obesity. However, its exact molecular targets were not known. Furthermore, its major chemical constituent garcinol was found to be toxic as it targets many enzymes non-specifically.

Our semi-synthetic molecule, LTK-14A, could offer greater efficacy due to targeted inhibition of the less abundant butyrylation modification that becomes relevant in the context of fat cell development.

We have found that this molecule not only inhibits fat synthesis in mice cell line but also prevents obesity in mice feeding on high fat-diet. Very significantly, this molecule could reduce the weight of genetically obese and highly diabetic mice as well. Furthermore, administration of this inhibitor could reduce fat accumulation in the liver also, making it a suitable candidate for being used against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

We have also performed a few pre-clinical tests which indicate that this molecule is almost non-toxic. To increase its efficacy, we have also made a formulation with this molecule as its active component.

This discovery is all set for the next stages of drug development.

Our work on the discovery of this novel regulatory mechanism of obesity manifestation and its specific inhibitor has recently been accepted for publication in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.

This entire work is a result of a collaboration between scientists from the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit of Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru and CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow.

( Tapas K. Kundu and Aditya Bhattacharya are from the Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru.)

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Research Fellow in the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics job with KINGS COLLEGE LONDON | 308234 – Times Higher Education

Posted: September 8, 2022 at 2:09 am

Job description

We are seeking a highly motivated postdoctoral fellow to undertake computational genetics research as part of the Genes and Health Genes & Health study (genesandhealth.org).

Genes & Health is a long-term innovative programme of research, aiming to improve health among people of Pakistani and Bangladeshi heritage by analysing the genes and health of 100,000 people in select UK population centres, including East London, Bradford and Manchester. The study is supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust (4million), MRC (5million), and an Industry Consortium of 7 pharmaceutical companies (~25m). The Genes & Health dataset is undergoing major expansion with common variant genotyping of ~50,000 participants complete, whole exome sequencing underway and linakge to NHS data from multiple sources.

This role represents a unique opportunity to generate scientific insights from this research cohort. Including the ability to generate insights into biological processes and target discovery through the observation of the phenotypic consequences of rare autozygous missense and loss-of-function alleles that are enriched in this cohort due to high rates of parental relatedness. Genes & Health uses cutting edge, interdisciplinary scientific methods, combining deep genetic analysis with health data science on all participants, with focused volunteer recall-by-genotype studies where detailed phenotyping is carried out to derive deeper insights into health and disease (e.g. Science 2016, Nature 2021).

The applicant should be familiar with all aspects of contemporary human genetic studies, with expertise in statistical genetics, genetic epidemiology and bioinformatics. They are expected to be able to work effectively as part of a team but also to direct research independently as required. This post represents an exceptional opportunity for career development within a highly supportive environment for both early- and mid-career researchers.

This post will be offered on an a fixed-term contract till 17/10/2025

This is a full-time post 35 hours per week

Key responsibilities

- Undertake original and state of the art human genetics research as an integral member of the Genes and Health team

- Identify areas for research, develop new research methods and extend the research portfolio of the team

- Identify scientific and technical challenges and implement new technological approaches to solve problems

- Contribute to collaborative decision making with colleagues

- Manage research progress and contribute to setting objectives for the achievement of project aims

- Maintain comprehensive analysis notes and prepare reports on results for verbal and multimedia presentations at regular lab meetings, consortium meetings and national and international conferences.

- Prepare manuscripts for publication in peer review journals.

- Assist, supervise and train other members of the group, including students and other research staff in their application in related lab projects.

- Build and create networks both internally and externally to the University, to inform research strategy, explore future research requirements and share research ideas.

The above list of responsibilities may not be exhaustive, and the post holder will be required to undertake such tasks and responsibilities as may reasonably be expected within the scope and grading of the post.

Essential criteria

1. PhD awarded ingenetic epidemiology, statistical genetics, bioinformatics or related discipline

2. Strong computational skills, with expertise in scripting in BASH and either R or Python

3. Experience with analysing complex datasets on high-performance compute clusters

4. A track record of generating creative and innovative solutions to scientific problems

5. Organised and systematic approach to research

6. Demonstrated ability to perform and publish high-impact research

7. Ability work successfully as part of a team, to supervise the work of others and to focus team efforts and motivate individuals

8. Exceptional presentation skills and data visualisation skills

9. Evidence of self-directed productivity

10. Ability to work under pressure and to meet deadlines

Desirable criteria

1. Experience of processing and analysis of human genetic and phenotype data, including EHR data

2. Experience in population genetics

3. Knowledge and understanding of competitive research funding and ability to develop applications to funding bodies

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Seven Queen’s researchers elected to the Royal Society of Canada – Queen’s University

Posted: September 8, 2022 at 2:09 am

New fellows are recognized for their outstanding research and scholarly contributions.

Each year, the Royal Society of Canada (RSC) awards field-leading Canadian researchers across the arts and humanities, social sciences, and sciences with one of the most prestigious academic honours in the country: the RSC fellowship. Seven Queens researchers have been elected fellows of the RSCs distinguished 2022 cohort. Their research spans multiple disciplines from political philosophy and computer-assisted medicine to the influence of policy making on social inequalities.

As Canadas national academy, the role of the RSC is to promote research and learning, recognize academic and artistic excellence, and to advise government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on matters of importance to Canadians. Fellows are selected through a rigorous application and peer-review evaluation process. The honour recognizes the impact and influence of the recipients research on their fields and on global citizens.

To have seven RSC fellows inducted in one year is an exceptional achievement for Queens and its research community, says Nancy Ross, Vice-Principal (Research). Its also impressive to see the range of fields and cross-disciplinary research represented in our new fellows, who are well-deserving of this prestigious honour.

Learn more about Queens 2022 RSC fellows:

Virginia Walker(Biology and School of Environmental Studies) investigates stress genes and the molecular basis of resistance. She uses the principles of genetics, molecular biology, chemistry, and engineering to answer questions central to understanding how humans adapt to environmental stress, creating foundational research for the next generation.

Gabor Fichtinger(Computing) has been working in the field of computer-assisted medical interventions and surgery for nearly three decades, and is the Canada Research Chair in Computer-Integrated Surgery at Queens. His novel research about image-guided robotics and real-time surgical navigation has paved the way for several modern diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Dr. Fichtinger is recognized as a pioneer of his field, and a provider of free open-source research software resources that are used globally.

Guojun Liu(Chemistry), the Canada Research Chair in Materials Science at Queens, is widely acknowledged as a world leader in his field. He has led the development of nano- and micro- structured materials. Through this research, he has made critical fundamental and applied scientific contributions, including the development of nanoscale coatings that can be used to improve handheld electronic devices and functional textiles.

Susanne Soederberg(Global Development Studies) is internationally recognized for her trailblazing research on how policymaking influences social inequalities at overlapping scales from local to global. With a focus on producing societal knowledge based on principles of equity, diversity, and inclusion, she has become one of the most influential political economists studying contemporary capitalism across the global North/South divide.

Ian Moore(Civil Engineering) uses a combination of numerical and physical modelling to advance fundamental understandings of strength and other performance limits of the buried pipes used for municipal water supply, sewers, and highway construction. His research is transforming soil-pipe interaction theory and practice, and is used in many North American and international design codes and guidelines.

Christine Sypnowich(Philosophy) draws on law, politics, urban planning, and local history to consider the centrality of human flourishing in our conception of equality, and the role of place and heritage in the remedy of disadvantage. A significant theme of her path-breaking research is that political philosophy should not just illuminate questions of justice, but also enhance self-understanding and further human wellbeing.

Stephen Scott(Biomedical and Molecular Sciences) is a world leader in the computational, neural, mechanical and behavioural aspects of voluntary motor control. Dr. Scott is most recognized for his invention of Kinarm, an interactive robotic technology that provides unprecedented experimental control over arm motor function. Furthering our understanding of the link between cortical circuits and limb biomechanics, Kinarm robots are used widely to quantify brain function

New faculty inducted to RSC College

The RSC is also welcoming today 54 new members of the College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists, including Julia Christensen. Moving from Memorial University, she joined Queen's Department of Geography and Planning in the summer.

Dr. Christensen is an expert in housing, home and health in the circumpolar North. Her scholarship aims to understand the northern housing crisis and dismantle it through community-led solutions. Her collaborations with Indigenous and regional governments have informed a series of policy initiatives that respond to the unique cultures and contexts of northern communities.

The College is formed by mid-career leaders who provide the RSC with a multigenerational capacity to help Canada and the world address major challenges and seize new opportunities.

Since 1964, Queens has seen 118 of its faculty members elected as fellows of the RSC and 16 as members of the College of New Artists, Scholars, and Scientists. For more information, visit the Royal Society of Canada website.

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Molecular Biology with an Industrial Placement Year BSc – India Education Diary

Posted: September 8, 2022 at 2:09 am

The University of Sheffield, UK is inviting applications for its Molecular Biology with an Industrial Placement Year BSc course starting in September 2023.

Discover the diverse range of biochemical, genetic and microbiological approaches needed to understand life at a molecular level. Youll have the opportunity to do a year-long, paid work placement as part of your degree.

University of Sheffields students have found placements at global pharmaceutical companies such as GSK and Pfizer, but your placement doesnt have to be in the lab. You could apply your scientific knowledge and transferable skills outside of the bioscience industry in areas including market research, communications or business development.

A placement is a great opportunity to test out a career path and many students are offered a graduate-level job at the end. Youll pay reduced fees for the year youre on placement and youll still have the support you need from your tutor and the University.

During your time at Sheffield youll study the methods scientists use to sequence genomes, clone and engineer genes, determine molecular structures and analyse cell growth in humans, plants and microbes. Well also show you how this knowledge enables us to develop novel biotechnological solutions to global challenges such as sustainable production and combating disease.

From your first year youll study modules that span the molecular biosciences covering molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics and microbiology. Alongside these modules youll have the freedom to explore complementary topics across the breadth of bioscience, such as biomedicine, ecology, plant science and zoology. This flexibility allows you to study molecular biology in greater depth, keep your interests broad or even switch to another biosciences degree. No matter what modules you choose to study, youll develop the practical laboratory and transferable skills that make our graduates attractive to employers including project management, problem solving, communication skills and data analysis.

You will get plenty of opportunities to apply your new skills and knowledge too. Youll be in the lab completing in-depth practicals across molecular genetics, DNA manipulation and protein structure analysis, and youll get the chance to use cutting-edge equipment to run your own in-depth research projects in an area such as clinical diagnostics or brewing biotechnology.

Duration 4 years

Eligibility-80% in Standard XII including Biology and a second science. IELTS grade of 6.5 with a minimum of 6.0 in each component; or an alternative acceptable English language qualification.

Fee Tuition fees for 2023 entry have not been confirmed. Please use overseas 2022 annual tuition fee 25,670 as a guide.

For further information https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/2023/molecular-biology-industrial-placement-year-bsc or contact : biosciences-ug@sheffield.ac.uk

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Molecular Biology with an Industrial Placement Year BSc - India Education Diary

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Whole Exome Sequencing Market Projected to Reach CAGR of 19.0% Forecast by 2029, Global Trends, Size, Share, Growth, Future Scope and Key Player…

Posted: September 8, 2022 at 2:09 am

CHICAGO, Sept. 07, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- A Qualitative Research Study accomplished by Data Bridge Market research's database of 350 pages, titled as "Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market" with 100+ market data Tables, Pie Charts, Graphs & Figures spread through Pages and easy to understand detailed analysis. This Whole Exome Sequencing report contains a comprehensive data of market definition, classifications, applications, engagements, market drivers and market restraints of this industry all of which is derived from Porte's Five Forces analysis. Market definition covered in this Whole Exome Sequencing report gives the scope of particular product with respect to the driving factors and restraints in the market. The sources of data and information mentioned in the Whole Exome Sequencing report are very reliable and include websites, annual reports of the companies, journals, and mergers which are checked and validated by the market experts.

Global whole exome sequencing market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2022 to 2029. Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the market is growing with a CAGR of 19.0% in the forecast period of 2022 to 2029. The increase in healthcare expenditure and funding are the major drivers which propelled the demand of the market in the forecast period.

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MarketSynopsis:-

Whole exome is a genomic technique for sequencing the entire protein-coding region of genes in a genome. Whole exome sequencing is available to patients who are searching for a unifying diagnosis for multiple medical conditions. A laboratory process that is used to determine the nucleotide sequence primarily of the exonic (or protein-coding) regions of an individuals genome and related sequences, representing approximately 1% of the complete DNA sequence, also called WES. Whole-exome sequencing is a widely used whole exome sequencing method that involves sequencing the protein-coding regions of the genome. The human exome represents less than 2% of the genome, but contains ~85% of known disease-related variants, making this method a cost-effective alternative to whole-genome sequencing.

Exome sequencing using exome enrichment can efficiently detect coding variants across a wide range of applications, including population genetics, genetic disease and cancer studies. The growth of the global whole exome sequencing market is attributed to the reduction in time and cost for sequencing. With the development of new technologies and cancer cure treatment, the whole exome sequencing market in clinical oncology has huge potential in the coming years.

The major companies which are dealing in the whole exome sequencing market are

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Recent Development

Opportunity

The demand for whole exome sequencing is increasing in the market owing to the increased incidence of geneticdisease along with increased geriatric population across the region. Thus, the top market players have implemented the strategy of collaboration with other market players aimed at improving business operations and profitability.

Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market Segmentation

Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market is segmented on the basis of component, product and service, application, end user and distribution channel. The growth among segments helps you analyze niche pockets of growth and strategies to approach the market and determine your core application areas and the difference in your target markets.

Component

Product and Services

Application

End User

Distribution Channel

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Regional Analysis/insights

The whole exome sequencing market is analyzed and market size information is provided by component, product and service, application, end user and distribution channel.

The countries covered in the whole exome sequencing market report are U.S., Canada, Mexico, Germany, France, Italy, U.K., Spain, Netherlands, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey, Belgium, Rest of Europe, Japan, China, India, South Korea, Australia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Rest of Asia-Pacific, Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, UAE, Israel, Egypt and Rest of Middle East & Africa.

North America is dominating due to the presence of key market players along the largest consumer market with high GDP. U.S. is expected to grow due to rise in technological advancement.

Key Industry Drivers:-

Drivers

As genomics-focused pharmacology continues to play a greater role in the treatment of various chronic diseases especially cancer,next-generation sequencing(NGS) is evolving as a powerful tool for providing a deeper and more precise insight at molecular underpinnings of individual tumours and specific receptors.

NGS offers advantages in accuracy, sensitivity and speed compared to traditional methods that have the potential to make a significant impact on the field of oncology. Because NGS can assess multiple genes in a single assay, the need to order multiple tests to identify the causative mutation is eliminated.

As genomics-focused pharmacology continues to play a greater role in the treatment of various chronic diseases especially cancer, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is evolving as a powerful tool for providing a deeper and more precise insight at molecular underpinnings of individual tumours and specific receptors.

NGS offers advantages in accuracy, sensitivity and speed compared to traditional methods that have the potential to make a significant impact on the field of oncology. Because NGS can assess multiple genes in a single assay, the need to order multiple tests to identify the causative mutation is eliminated.

Points Covered in Table of Content of Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market:

Chapter 1: Report Overview

Chapter 2: Global Market Growth Trends

Chapter 3: Value Chain of Whole Exome Sequencing Market

Chapter 4: Players Profiles

Chapter 5: Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Regions

Chapter 6: North America Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter 7: Europe Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter 8: Asia-Pacific Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter 9: Middle East and Africa Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter 10: South America Whole Exome Sequencing Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter 11: Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market Segment by Types

Chapter 12: Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market Segment by Applications

Check Complete Table of Contents @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-whole-exome-sequencing-market

Key Coverage in the Whole Exome Sequencing Market Report

Detailed analysis of Global Whole Exome Sequencing Market by a thorough assessment of the technology, product type, application, and other key segments of the report

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the market along with CAGR calculation for the forecast period

Investigative study of the market dynamics including drivers, opportunities, restraints, and limitations that can influence the market growth

Comprehensive analysis of the regions of the Whole Exome Sequencing industry and their futuristic growth outlook

Competitive landscape benchmarking with key coverage of company profiles, product portfolio, and business expansion strategies

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Whole Exome Sequencing Market Projected to Reach CAGR of 19.0% Forecast by 2029, Global Trends, Size, Share, Growth, Future Scope and Key Player...

Posted in Molecular Genetics | Comments Off on Whole Exome Sequencing Market Projected to Reach CAGR of 19.0% Forecast by 2029, Global Trends, Size, Share, Growth, Future Scope and Key Player…

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in stray cats of zmir, Turkey – Parasites & Vectors – Parasites & Vectors

Posted: August 30, 2022 at 2:27 am

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Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in stray cats of zmir, Turkey - Parasites & Vectors - Parasites & Vectors

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