Category Archives: Diabetes

The coronavirus pandemic has caused toilet paper shortages and long lines, but panic buying is not a new phenomenon and it certainly isnt helping. USA TODAY

While the masses hunt for toilet paper, Caroline Gregory and other people with diabetes are on a different mission: scouring stores for the rubbing alcohol or alcohol swabs needed to manage their disease.

Gregory stopped in Carlie Cs, Dollar General and Harris Teeter in Fayetteville, North Carolina, in pursuit of this vital component of her medical routine.

Were all supposed to be staying at home, and Im out going to 10 different stores, said Gregory, 33, whose diabetes could heighten her risk for COVID-19 complications. Thats also not safe.

Rubbing alcohol and alcohol swabs or wipes are the latest products swept up by the nations demand for anything and everything seen as a disinfectant against the novel coronavirus by hospitals and average consumers alike.

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Andy Lerman, vice president of operations for Hydrox Laboratories, a manufacturer based outside Chicago, said the majority of the low-profit-margin medical product his company makes is headed to hospitals, which are going through it faster than they have in the past. He has seen distributors order more than five times the amount they typically do.

Hospitals are wiping down everything all the time with every type of virucide that they have at their disposal, he said. Im making it as fast as I can, but I have more orders than I have capacity to manufacture.

Isopropyl alcohol a primary ingredient in some types of rubbing alcohol has been touted as a cleaner that neutralizes the coronavirus on everything from kitchen countertops to phones. After the depletion of supplies of hand sanitizer, also seen as a defense against COVID-19, demand exploded to make homemade versions. The Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Organization list isopropyl alcohol as a critical ingredient in their recommended recipes.

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For those with diabetes or other chronic medical conditions, the general publics resulting panic-buying spree has threatened their medical routines, such as when patients use an alcohol swab or a rubbing-alcohol-soaked cotton ball to disinfect their skin before they inject insulin.

Alternatives such as witch hazel may not have the same antiviral properties, and the proof of most brands of vodka isnt high enough to be effective. Other compounds, such as hydrogen peroxide and liquid iodine, can be unwieldy for diabetes patients to manage while changing insulin pump sites on the go, Gregory said.

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Despite the inability to obtain their usual products, people with diabetes need to maintain their blood sugar levels, said Kelly Mueller, vice president of community impact at the American Diabetes Association. She encouraged patients to wash their hands and pump sites carefully and let them air-dry.

In the midst of the coronavirus panic, the problem is compounded by a dearth of antibacterial soap or hand sanitizer to replace the disinfecting swabs or rubbing alcohol needed to keep prick sites clean, said Alison Dvorchik. She lives in Orlando, Florida, with her 17-year-old son, Matthew, who has Type 1 diabetes.

Im worried for the entire Type 1 diabetic community, she said. Thats a cesspool of infection waiting to happen.

Any potential infection is a strain on an overburdened health care system, Dvorchik said. Shes trying to ward off that fate for Matthew with a stash of 100 alcohol wipes from a friend they use about three a day with Matthews insulin pump.

The madness began about three weeks ago, according to New Jersey-based AvaCare Medical CEO Steven Zeldes, who runs one of the nations larger online medical supply companies.

Overnight, his site was swamped with thousands and thousands of orders around the country for rubbing alcohol and rubbing alcohol swabs medical supply items that had not been a primary focus for the company.

At first, he suspected some sort of pricing mishap. Thenhe realized rubbing alcohol was a primary ingredient in making homemade hand sanitizer.

The tsunami of orders cleared out the warehouses of AvaCare Medicals distributors in less than two days. Zeldes said the company was out of stock so fast that it received thousands of orders before being able to take down the listings.

Our company was always a medical supply company for seniors or nursing homes or hospitals, Zeldes said. Now were a company for every single citizen of America.

Cathi Carothers, an operations assistant at Lab Alley, a chemical supplier in Austin, Texas, said her company saw a similar explosion of interest in alcohol products from fire departments and post offices as well as Tesla, the Department of Homeland Security and Johns Hopkins University.

No one could have anticipated this much demand in a month, Carothers said.

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When Lab Alley called Dow and ExxonMobil two of the largest raw-component manufacturers of isopropyl alcohol in the USA to procure more, she said, the companies told Lab Alley they prioritize hospitals.

Dow confirmed to Kaiser Health News it worked with the FDA and state officials to maximize production of all its high-demand products. ExxonMobil directed Kaiser Health News to a news release stating it workedwith hard-hit New York and Louisiana to send isopropyl alcohol from its Baton Rouge Chemical Plant, which it said is home to the worlds largest isopropyl alcohol production site.

Medline, a major supplier in Chicago, and New Jersey-based Becton, Dickinson, a health care product manufacturer and supplier, felt the crush of demand. Medline spokesperson Stacy Rubenstein cited a 100% increase in March this year over last. Accordingly, both companies said they have ramped up production and enforced fair distribution measures.

Down the supply chain, Gregory, the Fayetteville woman with diabetes, said she lost it in line at Walgreens when she saw a sign saying the store limited customers to four bottles, which is more than she would go through in a year. (She uses it several times weekly to disinfect the sites of her insulin pump and every 10 days for her glucose monitor.)

How much hand sanitizer are you making? Gregory asked. You certainly dont need to be cleaning your kitchen with it its not necessary. I think people are just panicking.

Many forms of rubbing alcohol were sold out on Walgreens online site as of Sunday. Target and Rite Aidalso sold out of some rubbing alcohol and related products online.

Finally, Gregory was able to snag one of the last orders for 100 wipes available through Healthcare Supply Pros, an online medical supply company. It should last her for about five months. She fears for older, poorer people with diabetes who may not have internet access or the money to do the same.

Similar listings show the product is sold out.

Dont hoard something that you dont really need, said Dvorchik, the mother of the teenager with diabetes. Because the people who really need it cant get it.

Kaiser Health News (KHN) is a nonprofit, editorially independent program of the Kaiser Family Foundation that is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.

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Panic-buying for coronavirus affects diabetes patients: They can't find rubbing alcohol - USA TODAY

From Women's Health

My name is Samara McKellar (@samara.fit.wlj), and I am 21 years old. I live in Kansas City, Missouri, and I am in college working towards my degree in early childhood education. After having to go on blood sugar medication and struggling to find clothes I felt comfortable going out in, I realized my weight was holding me back. I decided to change my eating habits and lifestyle, and I've lost 125 pounds.

My weight issues have always been apparent in my life. When I was younger, I was slightly overweight, and it made me uncomfortable at times. When I was around 12 years old, I went to an endocrinologist for a check-up, since both of my parents are diabetic. They never officially diagnosed me as pre-diabetic, but my hemoglobin A1C levels (used to screen for diabetes) were high enough to put me on medication to try and lower them and keep me out of the diabetes range.

As I got older, I went from being overweight to medically obeseto then being identified by doctors as morbidly obese. I would try out unhealthy fad diets in high school that would only last a week at most, then I would overeat after giving up. I had many supportive friends and peers in high school, but there were definitely people who also made rude comments that made me feel less-than due to my weight and looks. I saw food as a comforting way to deal with my emotions.

I was 18 years old and 294 poundsand I was trying to find an outfit to wear to a get together with friends. I was getting so upset about how I looked in everything, and how I felt about myself. I couldnt confidently go out and wear the clothes that I found most girls my age wore. I decided in that moment that I had to stop feeling this way and living out that scenario.

On the first day of January 2018, I told myself that I would work on boosting my self-esteem and my health. I would really try to eat healthier, and just start with one habit at a time.

There are *so many* low-calorie foods that are still very dense. This helped me a lot in the beginning because it was hard for my body to adjust from over-eating a ton of food to eating a healthy amount for my weight. However, eating lots of foods like fruits, vegetables, and eggs helped me to feel full for longer, even though they were low calorie.

I chose an eating plan that recommended using a calorie calculator and determined how many calories I could have a day if I wanted to lose one to two pounds a week. I followed that range of calories and used apps like Carb Manager to help me track my foods. I liked the Carb Manager app because it easily displayed calories as well as macronutrients. I also followed a low-carb diet that allowed for about 50 net carbs a day.

I also cut out almost all beverages with added sugar. Before I started trying to change my habits, there were days Id have two sweet teas or lots of soda. Now, I stick to water, green tea, and Crystal Light beverages. I realized the empty calories in sugary drinks never actually filled me up.

I believe that weight loss is 80 percent diet and 20 percent exercise. Going to the gym helped motivate me to keep my eating on track. I wanted to keep my word to myself to eat healthy and make sure all the hard work I put in at the gym wouldnt go to waste by cheating too much on my diet. The gym also helped lift my mood and put me in a positive mindset when thinking about my weight-loss journey.

Usually my workouts consist of walking one-and-a-half or two miles on the treadmill, then doing 5 to 10 minutes on the StairMaster. After that, I will do some arms, abs, or legs.

I knew nothing about fitness and health before I had decided to seriously change my habits, but I became informed and dedicated. I went from a size 22 to a size 8. I am also happy to say, I no longer need that diabetes A1C medication. My blood work has come back at normal levels since losing so much weight.

I feel like a truly happy person on the inside, and so much healthier and free. I still enjoy my treats and my cheat meals in moderation, but I have found a new passion in my life. This journey made me realize how important self-love is regardless of size or weight. My weight and health were holding me back, and getting healthy was the best decision Ive ever made.

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'I Lost 125 Lbs. With This Low-Carb Diet And Finally Got Off Diabetes Medication I Was On Since My Teens' - Yahoo Lifestyle

As many as 85% of those who died in the State due to COVID-19 had diabetes or hypertension or both, making their recovery difficult. Medical experts said these two conditions form an ideal background for pathogens like the SARS-CoV-2 to cause lethal damage.

According to data provided by State health officials till April 5, and analysed by The Hindu, of the 45 people who died, 38 had diabetes, hypertension or both. At least six victims also had heart disease.

Mumbai-based endocrinologist and diabetologist Dr. Shashank Joshi said, Our body has humoral mediated immunity, which helps in the formation of antibodies, and cellular mediated immunity, which is the bodys own defence mechanism. In patients with diabetes, these immune systems are weak.

This means they are immunocompromised, Dr. Joshi explained. He added, When a virus like the SARS-CoV-2 infects them, it causes a cytokine storm (an overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds known as cytokines). This often leads to tremendous leaks into the lungs, which is why the patients require ventilators. Blood sugar and blood pressure parameters should be kept in control, he emphasised.

The International Diabetes Federation states that when people with diabetes develop a viral infection, it can be harder to treat due to fluctuations in blood glucose levels and, possibly, the presence of diabetes complications. There appear to be two reasons for this. Firstly, the immune system is compromised, making it harder to fight the virus and likely leading to a longer recovery period. Secondly, the virus may thrive in an environment of elevated blood glucose, the IDF states.

State officials also observed that the mortality rate was high among senior citizens. It was 19% in the 60-80 age group, and nearly 22% in the 80-90 age group. High blood pressure is common among the elderly. Age and other underlying ailments make them more vulnerable, said senior physician Dr Altaf Patel.

Physician and intensivist Dr. Pravin Amin said data from China and Italy also show a similar trend. Diabetes and hypertension alter the defence system and when a patient is affected by COVID-19, a network of reactions take place which become difficult to manage, said Dr. Amin adding that 80% of COVID-19 patients have very mild disease and with proper management, those with co-morbid conditions also show recovery. I have discharged a woman with diabetes on Sunday. The key is to have these diseases under control, said Dr. Amin who practices at Bombay Hosptal and Breach Candy Hospital.

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Diabetes, hypertension top co-morbidities among COVID-19 fatalities - The Hindu

The Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (INMD) is a branch of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). The CIHR Canadas federal funding for health research1, who collaborate with partners and researchers to find solutions that improve the healthcare system of Canada. This article concerns how, and if, the CIHR continuing to support excellence in health research is still their top priority, this will be done with a focus on the INMD.

The CIHRs role is to fund research that furthers the development of the Canadian healthcare system. For example, the CIHR have recently made a new line of funding available for researchers. This line of funding relates to stem cell-based therapies for Type 1 diabetes2. This new initiative will award funds to researchers in 2021, the 100th year anniversary of when two Canadian scientists (Drs Banting & McLeod) received a Nobel prize for the discovery of insulin. The CIHR states that Millions of lives have been saved due to this discovery, yet the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase and diabetes remains a chronic disease3. Therefore, they have announced this new initiative in order to ensure innovation continues within medical research in Canada.

The INMDs role specifically regards research into diet, digestion, excretion and metabolism. This is to ensure that they improve treatments relating to these areas as well as focussing on improving screening, prevention, diagnosis and support systems.

The current head of the INMD is Dr Norman Rosenblum, a professor of paediatrics, physiology, and laboratory medicine and pathobiology at the University of Toronto, and a paediatric nephrologist and senior scientist at the Research Institute of The Hospital for Sick Children4.

The CIHRs role is to fund research that furthers the development of the Canadian healthcare system. For example, the CIHR have recently made a new line of funding available for researchers. This line of funding relates to stem cell-based therapies for Type 1 diabetes.

An example of a research area that has recently been funded by the INMD are studies related to sugar intake and the resulting formulation of sugar reduction strategies based upon this research5. The CIHR, in conjunction with the INMD, have invested $2 million (Canadian Dollars), into this area of research in order to more effectively discourage excess sugar consumption6.

As a result of this funding there has been vital research regarding the sugar intake of Canadian children7, beverages containing artificial sweeteners8 and how nutrition labels and taxation could reduce sugar consumption9.

The INMD has three strategic research priorities:

The research listed in the previous paragraph pertains to the first and third strategic priorities but it is also important to discuss priority two when considering the full scope of the INMDs role and what research it funds. This priority concerns funding research that explores how environment and genes can exacerbate, or cause, chronic diseases.

As a result of this, the INMD fund research in this area via a series of grants referred to as: Programmatic Grants in Environments, Genes and Chronic Disease. Research that has been funded includes the following10:

The research listed within this article is evidence of the CIHR and INMDs commitment to positioning Canada as a leader of innovative health research in these areas. Being a global research leader is a top priority of the CIHR and it is one theyre achieving.

References1 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.html

2 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/51687.html

3 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/51687.html

4 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/12059.html

5 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/50611.html

6 ibid

7 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/50609.html

8 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/50601.html

9 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/50610.html

10 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/49868.html

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Understanding the Canadian Institutions of Health Research and Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes - Open Access Government

On Tuesday, Shares ofTandem Diabetes Care, Inc., (NASDAQ: TNDM), inclined/declined 63.09% and closed at $-6.16 in the last trading session.

Arithmetic Moving Averages TNDM:

Simple Moving Average (SMA) is easy to calculate and SMA20 one is principally looking at prime trends. The 50-day moving average is more responsive to price changes than the 200-day moving Whereas long-term trend followers generally use SMA200 and most shareholders will look for a cross up or down this average to means if the stock is in a bullish or bearish trend. SMA20 is the last stop on the bus for (ST) short-term traders. The Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. having its distance from 20-days simple moving average is 6.57%, and its distance from 50-days simple moving average is -10.95%, while it has a distance of -3.00% from the 200-days simple moving average.

Working over theproductivity proportionsof business stock, the speculator will discover its ROE, ROA, ROI remaining at -15.80%, -9.10% and -8.70%, individually.

ATR remains at 6.28 while Beta component of the stock stands at 0.41. The beta component is used to check the eccentrics of the stock. The TNDM stock remained -1.96% unpredictable for the week and -10.13% for the month.

Market capitalization is only an extravagant proclaim for a bright idea: it is the market estimation of an organizations remarkable offers. These Amount and numbers are found by taking the postscript cost and increasing it by the all outnumber of offers remarkable. Understanding the market top isnt merely sign if you nearly putting legitimately in stocks. It is additionally helpful for common reserve speculators, the same number of assets will list the normal or middle showcase capitalization of its property. As the name recommends, this gives the centre-ground of the stores value speculations, filling financial specialists in as to whether the reserve, for the most part, puts resources into large, mid-or little top stocks.

Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc.Target:

The EPS of the company is strolling at -0.43. The companys Market capitalization is $3.95BBillion.

As stocks have aP/S,P/EandP/Bestimations of 10.90, 0.00 and 19.18 separately. Its P/Cash is esteemed at 22.37.

Development in profit per offer is everything. The healthy future development in profit per share (EPS) is an amazingly significant factor in recognizing an underestimated stock. The effect of income development is exponential. As time goes on, the cost of a stock will typically go up in lockstep with its income (accepting the P/E proportion is steady). Hence stocks with higher profit development should offer the most elevated capital increases. Whats more, doubling-up the growth more than doubles the capital gain, due to the compounding effect.

Volume & Average Volume Shares:

Volume of the Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. exchanged hands with 1048551 shares compared to its average daily volume of 1.58M shares. Total volume is the number of shares or deals that point towards the whole activity of a security or market for a same period.

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There are countless reason to get interested in these stocks: :Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc., (NASDAQ: TNDM) - News Align

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high blood sugar. The hormone insulin moves sugar from the blood into your cells to be stored or used for energy. With diabetes, your body either doesnt make enough insulin or cant effectively use the insulin it does make.

Untreated high blood sugar from diabetes can damage your nerves, eyes, kidneys, and other organs.

There are a few different types of diabetes:

A rare condition called diabetes insipidus is not related to diabetes mellitus, although it has a similar name. Its a different condition in which your kidneys remove too much fluid from your body.

Each type of diabetes has unique symptoms, causes, and treatments. Learn more about how these types differ from one another.

Diabetes symptoms are caused by rising blood sugar.

The general symptoms of diabetes include:

In addition to the general symptoms of diabetes, men with diabetes may have a decreased sex drive, erectile dysfunction (ED), and poor muscle strength.

Women with diabetes can also have symptoms such as urinary tract infections, yeast infections, and dry, itchy skin.

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes can include:

It may also result in mood changes.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes can include:

It may also cause recurring infections. This is because elevated glucose levels make it harder for the body to heal.

Most women with gestational diabetes dont have any symptoms. The condition is often detected during a routine blood sugar test or oral glucose tolerance test that is usually performed between the 24th and 28th weeks of gestation.

In rare cases, a woman with gestational diabetes will also experience increased thirst or urination.

Diabetes symptoms can be so mild that theyre hard to spot at first. Learn which signs should prompt a trip to the doctor.

Different causes are associated with each type of diabetes.

Doctors dont know exactly what causes type 1 diabetes. For some reason, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Genes may play a role in some people. Its also possible that a virus sets off the immune system attack.

Type 2 diabetes stems from a combination of genetics and lifestyle factors. Being overweight or obese increases your risk too. Carrying extra weight, especially in your belly, makes your cells more resistant to the effects of insulin on your blood sugar.

This condition runs in families. Family members share genes that make them more likely to get type 2 diabetes and to be overweight.

Gestational diabetes is the result of hormonal changes during pregnancy. The placenta produces hormones that make a pregnant womans cells less sensitive to the effects of insulin. This can cause high blood sugar during pregnancy.

Women who are overweight when they get pregnant or who gain too much weight during their pregnancy are more likely to get gestational diabetes.

Both genes and environmental factors play a role in triggering diabetes. Get more information here on the causes of diabetes.

Certain factors increase your risk for diabetes.

Youre more likely to get type 1 diabetes if youre a child or teenager, you have a parent or sibling with the condition, or you carry certain genes that are linked to the disease.

Your risk for type 2 diabetes increases if you:

Your risk for gestational diabetes increases if you:

Your family, environment, and preexisting medical conditions can all affect your odds of developing diabetes. Find out which risks you can control and which ones you cant.

High blood sugar damages organs and tissues throughout your body. The higher your blood sugar is and the longer you live with it, the greater your risk for complications.

Complications associated with diabetes include:

Uncontrolled gestational diabetes can lead to problems that affect both the mother and baby. Complications affecting the baby can include:

The mother can develop complications such as high blood pressure (preeclampsia) or type 2 diabetes. She may also require cesarean delivery, commonly referred to as a C-section.

The mothers risk of gestational diabetes in future pregnancies also increases.

Diabetes can lead to serious medical complications, but you can manage the condition with medications and lifestyle changes. Avoid the most common diabetes complications with these helpful tips.

Doctors treat diabetes with a few different medications. Some of these drugs are taken by mouth, while others are available as injections.

Insulin is the main treatment for type 1 diabetes. It replaces the hormone your body isnt able to produce.

There are four types of insulin that are most commonly used. Theyre differentiated by how quickly they start to work, and how long their effects last:

Diet and exercise can help some people manage type 2 diabetes. If lifestyle changes arent enough to lower your blood sugar, youll need to take medication.

These drugs lower your blood sugar in a variety of ways:

You may need to take more than one of these drugs. Some people with type 2 diabetes also take insulin.

Youll need to monitor your blood sugar level several times a day during pregnancy. If its high, dietary changes and exercise may or may not be enough to bring it down.

According to the Mayo Clinic, about 10 to 20 percent of women with gestational diabetes will need insulin to lower their blood sugar. Insulin is safe for the growing baby.

The drug or combination of drugs that your doctor prescribes will depend on the type of diabetes you have and its cause. Check out this list of the various medications that are available to treat diabetes.

Healthy eating is a central part of managing diabetes. In some cases, changing your diet may be enough to control the disease.

Your blood sugar level rises or falls based on the types of foods you eat. Starchy or sugary foods make blood sugar levels rise rapidly. Protein and fat cause more gradual increases.

Your medical team may recommend that you limit the amount of carbohydrates you eat each day. Youll also need to balance your carb intake with your insulin doses.

Work with a dietitian who can help you design a diabetes meal plan. Getting the right balance of protein, fat, and carbs can help you control your blood sugar. Check out this guide to starting a type 1 diabetes diet.

Eating the right types of foods can both control your blood sugar and help you lose any excess weight.

Carb counting is an important part of eating for type 2 diabetes. A dietitian can help you figure out how many grams of carbohydrates to eat at each meal.

In order to keep your blood sugar levels steady, try to eat small meals throughout the day. Emphasize healthy foods such as:

Certain other foods can undermine efforts to keep your blood sugar in control.Discover the foods you should avoid if you have diabetes.

Eating a well-balanced diet is important for both you and your baby during these nine months. Making the right food choices can also help you avoid diabetes medications.

Watch your portion sizes, and limit sugary or salty foods. Although you need some sugar to feed your growing baby, you should avoid eating too much.

Consider making an eating plan with the help of a dietitian or nutritionist. Theyll ensure that your diet has the right mix of macronutrients. Go here for other do's and don'ts for healthy eating with gestational diabetes.

Anyone who has symptoms of diabetes or is at risk for the disease should be tested. Women are routinely tested for gestational diabetes during their second or third trimesters of pregnancy.

Doctors use these blood tests to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes:

To diagnose gestational diabetes, your doctor will test your blood sugar levels between the 24th and 28th weeks of your pregnancy.

The earlier you get diagnosed with diabetes, the sooner you can start treatment. Find out whether you should get tested, and get more information on tests your doctor might perform.

Type 1 diabetes isnt preventable because its caused by a problem with the immune system. Some causes of type 2 diabetes, such as your genes or age, arent under your control either.

Yet many other diabetes risk factors are controllable. Most diabetes prevention strategies involve making simple adjustments to your diet and fitness routine.

If youve been diagnosed with prediabetes, here are a few things you can do to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes:

These arent the only ways to prevent diabetes. Discover more strategies that may help you avoid this chronic disease.

Women whove never had diabetes can suddenly develop gestational diabetes in pregnancy. Hormones produced by the placenta can make your body more resistant to the effects of insulin.

Some women who had diabetes before they conceived carry it with them into pregnancy. This is called pre-gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes should go away after you deliver, but it does significantly increase your risk for getting diabetes later.

About half of women with gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years of delivery, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF).

Having diabetes during your pregnancy can also lead to complications for your newborn, such as jaundice or breathing problems.

If youre diagnosed with pre-gestational or gestational diabetes, youll need special monitoring to prevent complications. Find out more about the effect of diabetes on pregnancy.

Children can get both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Controlling blood sugar is especially important in young people, because the disease can damage important organs such as the heart and kidneys.

The autoimmune form of diabetes often starts in childhood. One of the main symptoms is increased urination. Kids with type 1 diabetes may start wetting the bed after theyve been toilet trained.

Extreme thirst, fatigue, and hunger are also signs of the condition. Its important that children with type 1 diabetes get treated right away. The disease can cause high blood sugar and dehydration, which can be medical emergencies.

Type 1 diabetes used to be called juvenile diabetes because type 2 was so rare in children. Now that more children are overweight or obese, type 2 diabetes is becoming more common in this age group.

About 40 percent of children with type 2 diabetes dont have symptoms, according to the Mayo Clinic. The disease is often diagnosed during a physical exam.

Untreated type 2 diabetes can cause lifelong complications, including heart disease, kidney disease, and blindness. Healthy eating and exercise can help your child manage their blood sugar and prevent these problems.

Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent than ever in young people. Learn how to spot the signs so you can report them to your childs doctor.

Some types of diabetes like type 1 are caused by factors that are out of your control. Others like type 2 can be prevented with better food choices, increased activity, and weight loss.

Discuss potential diabetes risks with your doctor. If youre at risk, have your blood sugar tested and follow your doctors advice for managing your blood sugar.

Read this article:
Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Prevention, and More

By Jessica Hamzelou

VOISIN/PHANIE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Diabetes is generally thought to come in two forms: type 1 and type 2. But a study suggests type 1 diabetes could be two separate conditions, meaning there are more forms than we realised.

People with diabetes tend to have high blood sugar levels. This is because they either lack or dont respond to insulin, a hormone that allows sugar to be taken up by our cells and either converted to energy or stored. Those who have type 1 diabetes develop it because their immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that make insulin.

The age at which a person is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes seems to be linked to the severity of their symptoms. A child diagnosed before the age of 5 is likely to have a more severe form of disease than someone over 30, says Sarah Richardson at the University of Exeter, UK.

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To find out why, Richardson and her colleagues looked at 32 pancreas samples from young people with diabetes who died in the 1950s. They found two distinct categories. In one, some pancreases didnt appear to make insulin properly and experienced a stronger immune system attack.

In the other category, the pancreas samples contained fewer immune cells and there were also signs that they were better at making insulin. The immune attack appears totally different in these two categories, says Richardson.

The researchers then looked at blood samples taken from 171 people who had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before they turned 30. They found the same pattern: people seemed to fall into one of the two categories, depending on how well their pancreases made insulin.

These categories seem to correspond with age. People whose type 1 diabetes involved poor insulin production and a stronger immune attack tended to be younger, says Richardson. Her team calls this group endotype 1. In the study, pretty much everyone under the age of 7 falls into this category, says Richardson.

People diagnosed when they were 13 or older tended to fall into the category made up of individuals whose pancreases had fewer immune cells, which the team calls endotype 2. Those aged between 7 and 12 when diagnosed could fall in either category.

At the moment, the outcome is the same they both need insulin but they may have got there through a different pathway, says Richardson. In future, she thinks the two types may do best with different treatments. People who have endotype 2 might benefit from treatment that preserves the pancreas cells that make insulin, but we dont have any treatments like that yet.

At the moment, type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin, although researchers have been trialling new immunotherapies that kill the immune cells that attack the pancreas. So far, clinical trials in adults havent been promising. But the treatment might work better in younger children because immune cells seem to play more of a role in their disease, says Richardson.

In 2018, researchers based in Sweden and Finland classified almost 15,000 people with diabetes into one of five categories not just two based on their age, body mass index, blood sugar, and insulin production and sensitivity. Richardson and her team say one of the endotypes seems to align with one of these five categories, but the other doesnt, which she says makes it possible there may be six types of diabetes.

Journal reference: Diabetologia, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05115-6

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Type 1 diabetes may be two conditions that need different treatments - New Scientist News

Diabetes and Coronavirus: In an exclusive interview with Pinkvilla, Dr. Deepti Bagree has shared some vital hacks to control diabetes and boost immunity.

Coronavirus which has swept across the world has infected lakhs and killed thousands. Fever, runny nose, shortness of breath and cough are the common signs of the same. For the unversed, elderly people who have compromised immunity, people with other lifestyle health issues like diabetes, heart ailments and gut issues among others are at higher risk of contracting coronavirus.If you are a diabetic and want to know how can prevent COVID-19 by boosting immunity and maintaining blood sugar levels down then read on. In an exclusive interview with Pinkvilla, Dr. Deepti Bagree, Head of Department - Healthcare Division, RESET - Holistic Living Concepts have a deep insight on the importance of strong immunity amid pandemic and also provided a nutrition guide for a diabetic person.

She said, "There is less awareness about the most basic information about health such as immunity being the key to protecting from any infection. While we quarantine ourselves at home its important to not forget our health goals or take this time for granted. This time can be utilized in the smartest way to work on health and stay healthy to combat any infection. The most important factor to strengthen immunity is to improve gut health. A bad lifestyle which is not only the root cause of health issues is also an important cause of weakening the gut. Hence, its absolutely essential to improve gut health to boost immunity."

1. Even when you are at home, keep your wake up and sleep cycle fixed. This will help you to stay on track once you resume your daily activities. Sleep is crucial in maintaining hunger and satiety hormones which play an important role in managing diabetes and thus immunity.

2. Try and avoid eating out instead cook food at home as per your taste. Outside foods can be high on refined oils, sugar and flours that can shoot up blood sugar levels and are detrimental for immunity as well.

3. Use cold-pressed cooking oils over refined ones as they compromise your immunity by being inflammatory. Inflammation is a root cause of many health issues including diabetes. Hence controlling inflammation can help improve immunity and diabetes too.

4. Ensure that all foods are freshly made and thoroughly cooked as although the virus is not getting transmitted through food, however, other bacteria and viruses can enter the system and compromise the immunity.

5. Add garlic, ginger, turmeric, Srilankan rolled cinnamon, black pepper to your meals this helps to boosts metabolism and reduce chances of falling sick, these also help in managing blood sugar surge.

6. Drink boiled water and avoid cold beverages that increase the chance of cold and flu. Also, commercially marketed beverages are full of sugar that can further dip immunity and fluctuate blood sugar.

7. Gargle your throat with warm water with salt, organic turmeric powder, a teaspoon of cold-pressed coconut oil everyday post brushing.

8. Avoid raw, fried, processed foods instead have cooked vegetables, pulses or dals, high-quality proteins and good fats like avocado, almond or coconut milk, nuts, and seeds.

9. Ensure you take vitamin C supplements or have fruits and vegetables rich in this vitamin. Also, take vitamin D3 and b12 supplements on time as per the blood levels of these vitamins. Soak in the morning sunlight to take natural vitamin D.

10. Use essential oils like oregano, eucalyptus, etc as they are excellent for the lungs.

11. Keep the body alkaline as too much acid in the body breaks the mucous and can worsen the conditions. Add vegetables, spices, lemon to the day.

12. Add probiotic foods like idlis, dosas, dollars, sauerkraut, kimchi as they are excellent for gut where more than 70% of immunity lies.

ALSO READ: Coronavirus: Instagram accounts that help you understand Covid 19 better

Other tips

1. Keep yourself physically active by yoga asanas, deep breathing and high-intensity interval training that can be done at home and doesnt need equipment.

2. Avoid going to parks, crowded places unless absolutely necessary.

3. Do not get panic just ensure to take care of simple steps towards personal hygiene like washing hands, using sanitizer (with 60% alcohol content), etc

4. Do not shake hands instead do namaste or verbal greetings

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Diabetes and Coronavirus: Check out a nutrition guide for a diabetic person to boost immunity - PINKVILLA

Heres what you need to know about the conditions that put you at risk from contracting Covid-19 - and how to avoid infection.

Are people with diabetes more susceptible to coronavirus?

As coronavirus is a novel (or new) virus, nobody has built up immunity to it - meaning anyone can become infected, regardless of age, gender or any other factors.

However, evidence suggests that those with weakened immune systems, as with any virus, are more susceptible to becoming infected by coronavirus.

This includes those undergoing cancer treatment, people being treated for autoimmune diseases like lupus, Multiple Sclerosis or inflammatory bowel diseases, those with HIV and those having an organ or bone-marrow transplant.

A report from the World Heath Organisation, which studied cases in China, said that the underlying conditions which put people at the highest risk of severe disease are:

- Hypertension (high blood pressure),

- Cardiovascular disease,

- Chronic respiratory disease (such as lung disease or asthma)

"If you have diabetes, you are at increased risk of severe illness from coronavirus (COVID-19) and according to current government guidance you should be particularly stringent in following social distancing measures," say Diabetes.org, "including significantly limiting face-to-face interaction with friends and family if possible."

What does it mean for me?

"Coronaviruses can cause more severe symptoms and complications in people with diabetes, as well as in older people," say Diabetes.org.

"Those with other long term conditions such as cancer or chronic lung disease. The risk of death from coronavirus is quite low, and the majority of people with coronavirus will have a comparatively mild illness.

"It is important that people with diabetes follow the sick day rules should they become ill from any illness. If you routinely check your blood sugar at home, you'll probably need to do it more often at least every four hours, including during the night.

"If your blood sugar is persistently high or low, or if you have symptoms of a hyper contact your GP practice or Diabetes team by phone who will help you if you have any queries or if you are unsure about what to do regarding your diabetes."

What precautions should I take?

Those at high risk of contracting coronavirus and/or contracting a more severe form of the disease should follow precautions to lower their risk of catching it.

This includes washing your hands regularly and thoroughly, avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth and avoiding contact with anyone who is unwell.

As of Monday 16 March the government advised that everyone should be observing social distancing - avoiding unnecessary travel and working from home where possible.

Anyone with a cough or cold symptoms now needs to self-isolate with their entire household for 14 days.

The government has also advised against going to the pub, out for dinner or partaking in any socialising with large groups.

COVID-19 is a respiratory illness that can affect lungs and airways. It is caused by a virus called coronavirus.

The outbreak started in Wuhan in China in December 2019 and it is thought that the virus, like others of its kind, has come from animals.

As this is such a new illness, experts still arent sure how it is spread.

But similar viruses are spread in cough droplets.

Therefore covering your nose and mouth when sneezing and coughing, and disposing of used tissues straight away is advised.

Viruses like coronavirus cannot live outside the body for very long.

The NHS states that the symptoms are: a dry cough, high temperature and shortness of breath - but these symptoms do not necessarily mean you have the illness.

Look out for flu-like symptoms, such as aches and pains, nasal congestion, runny nose and a sore throat.

Its important to remember that some people may become infected but wont develop any symptoms or feel unwell.

What precautions can be taken?

Washing your hands with soap and water thoroughly.

The NHS also advises to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when you cough or sneeze; put used tissues in the bin immediately and try to avoid close contact with people who are unwell.

Also avoiding touching eyes, nose and mouth unless your hands are clean.

As of Monday 16 March the government advised that everyone should be observing social distancing - avoiding unnecessary travel and working from home where possible.

Anyone with a cough or cold symptoms now needs to self-isolate with their entire household for 14 days.

The government has also advised against going to the pub, out for dinner or partaking in any socialising with large groups.

This has caused a number of closures across the country. Schools will close from Friday 20 March for the foreseeable future and exams have been cancelled.

The over 70s or anyone who is vulnerable or living with an underlying illness are being asked to be extra careful and stay at home to self-isolate.

For more information on government advice, please check their website

Should I avoid public places?

The advice now is to avoid public places and any non-essential travel. Travel abroad is also being advised against for the next 30 days at least, and many European countries have closed their borders.

What should I do if I feel unwell?

Dont go to your GP but instead look online at the coronavirus service that can tell you if you need medical help and what to do next.

Sources: World Health Organisation and NHS

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Diabetes and coronavirus: does diabetes count as 'high risk', and the latest advice for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics in Scotland - Edinburgh News

The aim of the current study was to evaluate epidemiological data on amputations of upper extremities.The main causes of upper extremity amputations performed in the period from January 1998 to January 2008 in Hospital de Base, So Jos do Rio Preto were retrospectively evaluated in a descriptive and quantitative cross-sectional study. Data, including the age of the patient, gender and the reason for surgery, were obtained from hospital records identified by the international classification of diseases (ICD) code for amputation.A total of 2919 amputations were performed in the period of this study with only 23 involving the upper extremities; thus 22 patients were included in this study as one was submitted to amputation of both arms. Fifteen patients (65.21%) were male with ages that ranged between 18 and 84 years old (mean = 41.6 years old). Seven patients (34.79%) were women with ages from 24 to 87 years old (mean = 58.8 years old). The causes for amputation were: accidents (14), gas gangrene (4), malignant neoplasms (3), arterial thrombosis (1) and unidentified cause (1).Gas gangrene of the upper extremities is associated to diabetes mellitus which highlights the severity of the disease.

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Gas gangrene, diabetes and amputations of upper extremities. - Physician's Weekly