En Espaol
The term stem cell by itself can be misleading. In fact, there are many different types of stem cells, each with very different potential to treat disease.
Stem Cell Pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cell Adult Stem Cell iPS Cell Cancer Stem Cell
By definition, all stem cells:
Pluripotent means many "potentials". In other words, these cells have the potential of taking on many fates in the body, including all of the more than 200 different cell types. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, as are induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that are reprogrammed from adult tissues. When scientists talk about pluripotent stem cells, they mostly mean either embryonic or iPS cells.
Embryonic stem cells come from pluripotent cells, which exist only at the earliest stages of embryonic development. In humans, these cells no longer exist after about five days of development.
When isolated from the embryo and grown in a lab dish, pluripotent cells can continue dividing indefinitely. These cells are known as embryonic stem cells.
James Thomson, a professor in the Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology at the University of Wisconsin, derived the first human embryonic stem cell lines in 1998. He now shares a joint appointment at the University of California, Santa Barbara, a CIRM-funded institution.
Adult stem cells are found in the various tissues and organs of the human body. They are thought to exist in most tissues and organs where they are the source of new cells throughout the life of the organism, replacing cells lost to natural turnover or to damage or disease.
Adult stem cells are committed to becoming a cell from their tissue of origin, and cant form other cell types. They are therefore also called tissue-specific stem cells. They have the broad ability to become many of the cell types present in the organ they reside in. For example:
Unlike embryonic stem cells, researchers have not been able to grow adult stem cells indefinitely in the lab, but this is an area of active research.
Scientists have also found stem cells in the placenta and in the umbilical cord of newborn infants, and they can isolate stem cells from different fetal tissues. Although these cells come from an umbilical cord or a fetus, they more closely resemble adult stem cells than embryonic stem cells because they are tissue-specific. The cord blood cells that some people bank after the birth of a child are a form of adult blood-forming stem cells.
CIRM-grantee IrvWeissman of the Stanford University School of Medicine isolated the first blood-forming adult stem cell from bone marrow in 1988 in mice and later in humans.
Irv Weissman explains the difference between an adult stem cell and an embryonic stem cell (video)
An induced pluripotent stem cell, or iPS cell, is a cell taken from any tissue (usually skin or blood) from a child or adult and is genetically modified to behave like an embryonic stem cell. As the name implies, these cells are pluripotent, which means that they have the ability to form all adult cell types.
Shinya Yamanaka, an investigator with joint appointments at Kyoto University in Japan and the Gladstone Institutes in San Francisco, created the first iPS cells from mouse skin cells in 2006. In 2007, several groups of researchers including Yamanaka and James Thomson from the University of Wisconsin and University of California, Santa Barbara generated iPS cells from human skin cells.
Cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of cancer cells that, like stem cells, can self-renew. However, these cellsrather than growing into tissues and organspropagate the cancer, maturing into the many types of cells that are found in a tumor.
Cancer stem cells are a relatively new concept, but they have generated a lot of interest among cancer researchers because they could lead to more effective cancer therapies that can treat tumors resistant to common cancer treatments.
However, there is still debate on which types of cancer are propelled by cancer stem cells. For those that do, cancer stem cells are thought to be the source of all cells that make up the cancer.
Conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, may only destroy cells that form the bulk of the tumor, leaving the cancer stem cells intact. Once treatment is complete, cancer stem cells that still reside within the patient can give rise to a recurring tumor. Based on this hypothesis, researchers are trying to find therapies that destroy the cancer stem cells in the hopes that it truly eradicates a patients cancer.
John Dick from the University of Toronto first identified cancer stem cells in 1997. Michael Clarke, then at the University of Michigan, later found the first cancer stem cell in a solid tumor, in this case, breast cancer. Now at Stanford University School of Medicine, Clarke and his group have found cancer stem cells in colon cancer and head and neck cancers.
Find out More:
Catriona Jamieson talks about therapies based on cancer stem cells (4:32)
Stanford Publication: The true seeds of cancer
UCSD Publication: From Bench to Bedside in One Year: Stem Cell Research Leads to Potential New Therapy for Rare Blood Disorder
Updated 2/16
See the original post here:
Stem Cell Key Terms | California's Stem Cell Agency
- There Was a Loud Crunching Sound Bodybuilding Icon Ronnie Coleman, Who Went Through Stem Cell Therapy, Once Revealed Exact Moment His Back Problems... - October 13th, 2022
- Scientists have figured out how to reverse the ageing process in mice. Now theyre turning their attention to humans - 7NEWS - June 13th, 2022
- Here's what happened the first week of the Kyle Rittenhouse trial - NPR - November 8th, 2021
- College Student and Retired Teacher to Thank Stem Cell Donors They've Never Met for Saving Their Lives During City of Hope's 45th Bone Marrow... - October 16th, 2021
- 3D Printing Applications in the Fight Against Breast Cancer - 3Dnatives - October 16th, 2021
- The Mystery of Smell - Harvard Magazine - October 16th, 2021
- Blood donation clinic will honour life of Jocelyn McGlynn - Chatham Daily News - August 5th, 2021
- The 5G NR mmWave X factor (Analyst Angle) - RCR Wireless News - January 27th, 2021
- Kyle Rittenhouse's lawyers fight extradition in protest of turning him 'over to the mob' - Fox News - October 10th, 2020
- Nick Cordero's Wife Says His COVID-19 Recovery Is 'Going in the Right Direction' - countryliving.com - June 10th, 2020
- Ocular Technologies, a startup developing telemedical solutions to improve access to eye care, wins the 2020 MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition -... - May 29th, 2020
- Michael Hiltzik: Don't be taken in by stem cell firms offering unsubstantiated therapies for COVID-19 - Rome News-Tribune - May 14th, 2020
- The Shows Delayed, but Theyre Still Keeping Company - The New York Times - May 14th, 2020
- Coronavirus And Parenting: What You Need To Know Now - KPCW - March 14th, 2020
- 'His legacy lives on': Grandmother who helped create newborn screening law tells history of bill - News-Leader - March 6th, 2020
- The Dady Brothers, four others get their Rochester Music Hall of Fame call - WXXI News - February 27th, 2020
- Brit boy, 4, who survived leukaemia finally meets the German blood marrow donor who saved his life - The Sun - February 22nd, 2020
- Army spouse dances her way through chemotherapy - We Are The Mighty - February 22nd, 2020
- Before the 90 Days Stephanie is YouTuber Stepanka. Is she really ill & bi? - Starcasm - December 20th, 2019
- Stem Cells Video | Top 3 Stem Cell Videos on YouTube - January 15th, 2019
- FDA to crack down on 'unscrupulous' stem cell clinics - Minneapolis Star Tribune - August 29th, 2017
- Stem Celling Training to Oversee Onsite Training at Facility in Las Vegas - PRUnderground (press release) - August 24th, 2017
- R3 Stem Cell Achieves Certification by the Better Business Bureau - PR Web (press release) - August 7th, 2017
- Update: Laval police erased cellphone video of violent arrest, says disabled black man - Montreal Gazette - July 9th, 2017
- Cord Blood Stem Cells | What are Stem Cells? | Cryo-Cell - July 17th, 2016
- stem cells - Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary: Cosmetics Cop ... - July 17th, 2016
- Stem Cell Therapy - Prolotherapy Institute Los Angeles - July 17th, 2016
- Stem cell - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - July 17th, 2016
- stem cell tourism | The Stem Cellar - July 17th, 2016
- Stem Cells flashcards | Quizlet - July 17th, 2016
- All Things Stem Cell Visual Stem Cell Glossary - July 17th, 2016
- Stem Cells and Parkinson's Disease | Parkinson's Disease ... - July 17th, 2016
- Stem-cell | Define Stem-cell at Dictionary.com - July 17th, 2016
- Academia.edu | Documents in Stem Cells - Academia.edu - July 17th, 2016
- How Umbilical Cord Stem Cells Work | ViaCord - July 17th, 2016
- Stem Cells - RCN - July 17th, 2016
- Microscope Imaging Station. Stem Cells: Cells with Potential. - July 17th, 2016
- Mesenchymal stem cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - July 17th, 2016
- anti-aging stem cells - Lucrece - July 17th, 2016
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Immunology and Therapeutic ... - July 17th, 2016
- What are Stem Cells? | Stem Cells | University of Nebraska ... - July 17th, 2016
- Stem Cell Transplants (For Parents) - KidsHealth - July 17th, 2016
- Induced pluripotent stem cell - Wikipedia, the free ... - October 23rd, 2015
- Stem Cells in MS - National Multiple Sclerosis Society - October 23rd, 2015
- STEM CELLS - Wiley Online Library - October 18th, 2015
- Manhattan Regenerative Medicine Medical Group - September 26th, 2015
- Stem Cells News -- ScienceDaily - September 7th, 2015
- Blood-Forming Stem Cell Transplants - National Cancer ... - August 29th, 2015
- Stem Cells: Get Facts on Uses, Types, and Therapies - May 31st, 2015
- StemCells, Inc. - Official Site - May 31st, 2015
- Stem Cell Basics: Introduction [Stem Cell Information] - May 31st, 2015
- Cell Isolation Products, Cell Culture Media, Cell Research - May 23rd, 2015
- What are Stem Cells ? - Medical News Today - May 19th, 2015
- LUMINESCE Stem Cell Skin Care - May 19th, 2015
- Stem cell therapy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - May 19th, 2015
- Download Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 6 PDF - Video - May 3rd, 2015
- Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells Part 2 - Video - May 3rd, 2015
- Treatment of Rotator Cuff tendinitis with Platelet Rich Plasma and Stem cells - Video - May 3rd, 2015
- Download Cancer Stem Cells Methods and Protocols PDF - Video - May 2nd, 2015
- What is leukemia? - Danilo Allegra and Dania Puggioni - Video - May 1st, 2015
- Stem Cell Treatment #5 for Multiple Sclerosis - Video - April 30th, 2015
- WHAT CAN STEM CELLS DO? - Video - April 30th, 2015
- Developing a cure for AMD - Video - April 30th, 2015
- Engineered Blood Vessel Network with Endothelial Cells (Red) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Green) - Video - April 29th, 2015
- Cynata making stem cells for therapeutic use - Video - April 29th, 2015
- Cellogica Stem Cell Review Gain A Healthy And Vibrant Looking Skin With Cellogica - Video - April 28th, 2015
- REGENESTEM MANILA: Stem Cells are Harvested - Video - April 26th, 2015
- Milk Thistle Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells - Video - April 26th, 2015
- Hannah legs is better! - Video - April 26th, 2015
- Dr. Casper Stem Cells Grade 10 - Video - April 26th, 2015
- Jeunesse stem cells - anagenisis - team phoenix - Video - April 25th, 2015
- Mayo Clinic Transplant Center Regenerative Medicine Consult Service - Video - April 25th, 2015
- Lifeline, English Subtitles - Video - April 24th, 2015
- Dr.Nathan Newman Stem Cell Technology by JEUNESSE Global UAE, Dubai Abu Dhabi - Video - April 23rd, 2015
- Stem Cells Are Forced Out/ Cell, April 9, 2015 (Vol. 161, Issue 3) - Video - April 23rd, 2015
- Repairing Chronic Muscle Tears with Stem Cells - Video - April 23rd, 2015
- LUMINESCE by Jeunesse Global - Stem Cell Techology - Video - April 23rd, 2015
- Stem Cell Enhanced Facial Demonstration - Video - April 21st, 2015
- Adult stem cell bank for nuclear disaster! - Video - April 19th, 2015
- Iaso Sol (Swiss Apple Stem Cells - Video - April 18th, 2015